South African President Cyril Ramaphosa plans to deploy more than 73,000 extra troops to help implement a nationwide coronavirus lockdown, the defence minister said.

The country is four weeks into a strict police and military-enforced shutdown during which jogging, dog-walking and the sale of alcohol have been banned until the end of April.

Security forces have struggled to keep people indoors -- particularly in overcrowded townships -- and the police have been grappling with illegal alcohol sales, sometimes involving its own men.

In a letter to parliament tweeted by an opposition party leader, Ramaphosa announced his decision to deploy an additional 73,180 members of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) until June 26.

The operation is expected to cost around 4.5 billion rand ($2.4 million / 2.2 million euros), said the letter, which was dated Tuesday.

Those deployed comprise regular, reserve and auxiliary personnel.

In March, 2,820 soldiers were mobilised for the lockdown.

Defence Minister Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula confirmed the letter's authenticity on Wednesday.

"If you look at the numbers and the rate at which the infection has gone up, you will realise that at some point we may actually need the kind of human deployment which has never been seen before," Mapisa-Nqakula told local radio.

"We need to tighten and foresee (and) make sure that our people understand fully the dangers of getting this virus," she said, adding that soldiers were also deployed to assist the public and medical personnel.

"People need to understand that the laws and regulations... have been put in place to protect them," Mapisa-Nqakula added.

Democratic Alliance party leader John Steenhuisen, who tweeted the leaked letter, said it would be "the largest deployment of SANDF in post-democratic South Africa".

Speaking at a virtual coronavirus briefing on Wednesday, Steenhuisen called for "clear parameters" to determine "where the power of the army begins and where it ends".

South Africa's joint standing committee on defence -- to whom Ramaphosa's letter was addressed -- have received 28 complaints of abuse by army officials during the lockdown.

To date South Africa has recorded 3,465 cases of coronavirus, the continent's second-highest number of infections after Egypt.

The death toll remains relatively low, with 58 fatalities recorded so far. But health experts are bracing themselves for an exponential increase in cases in September.

Ramaphosa imposed a 21-day lockdown from March 27 and has since extended the shutdown until April 30.

On Tuesday, the president announced a $26 billion relief package to support the economy and the vulnerable during the pandemic.

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