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DEMOCRACY
Japan's finance minister to become latest PM
by Staff Writers
Tokyo (AFP) Aug 29, 2011

No Dalai Lama visa request for Tutu birthday party: S.Africa
Cape Town (AFP) Aug 29, 2011 - The Dalai Lama has not applied for a South African visa, the home affairs ministry said Monday, a day after Desmond Tutu asked officials to let the exiled spiritual leader attend his birthday party.

South Africa had barred the Dalai Lama from visiting in 2009, saying it did not want to jeopardise ties with China, a key trade partner.

"No such application for a visa by the Dalai Lama has at this stage been received," said home affairs spokesman Ronnie Mamoepa.

He added that ministry officials had twice contacted South Africa's diplomatic mission in New Delhi to verify whether the Buddhist leader had requested a travel document after a Sunday newspaper quoted "diplomatic sources" saying he had applied in June.

The newspaper said Tutu had urged the government to grant a visa to his fellow Nobel Peace Prize laureate, whom he has invited to his 80th birthday celebrations in Cape Town in October.

Tutu strongly criticised South Africa in 2009 for denying entry to the Dalai Lama to attend a peace conference in Johannesburg.

Foreign Minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane said Monday the Dalai Lama was welcome to visit South Africa and described the earlier decision as poor communication by the government.

The High Commission in New Delhi has been told to inform Pretoria as soon as an application from the Dalai Lama is received, said Mamoepa.

"Upon receipt of such an application, the matter will be given the necessary attention from Pretoria," he added.

The Dalai Lama has lived in exile in India since 1959, when he fled an abortive uprising against Chinese rule in Tibet.

He says he accepts Chinese rule, but Beijing accuses him of being a "splittist" and opposes his regular meetings with foreign leaders.

The 76-year-old recently stepped down as the head of Tibet's government in exile, but he is expected to retain significant influence on major policy decisions.

Japan's premier-designate Yoshihiko Noda on Monday vowed a safe pair of hands in rebuilding the country from its tsunami-nuclear disasters after he was elected the ruling party chief.

The low-key, business-friendly finance minister is set to be confirmed as prime minister on Tuesday by parliament, replacing the unpopular Naoto Kan to become the debt-laden nation's sixth new leader in five years.

Known as a fiscal hawk, 54-year-old Noda has described himself as an ordinary man and pledged a moderate "middle-of-the-road" politics, while also promising to unite his divided Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ).

Likening himself to a modest marine creature rather than a charismatic political star, Noda said in a final campaign appeal to DPJ lawmakers on Monday: "I am a loach. I can't be a goldfish."

His election may cause ripples among Japan's neighbours following his recent comments on the country's World War II history.

Noda sparked a strong response from South Korea weeks ago when he said on the anniversary of Japan's 1945 surrender that Class-A war criminals convicted by an Allied tribunal were in fact not war criminals.

China's state news agency Xinhua said late Monday that diplomatic initiatives on his part "may be initially thwarted" because of the remarks.

In Japan, the focus is on the pressing tasks of rebuilding after the March 11 catastrophe, ending the Fukushima nuclear crisis, revitalising a stagnant economy and addressing the industrialised world's largest public debt.

The country is still struggling to resolve the Fukushima disaster after reactor meltdowns forced more than 80,000 people from their homes and contaminated wide stretches of farmland, causing national food scares.

On the economic front, years of pump-priming have left Japan saddled with a public debt that is more than twice the size of the economy and set to balloon further as a fast-ageing population increases welfare costs.

Last week, ratings agency Moody's cut Japan's credit rating, citing the huge public debt and the country's revolving-door politics that have delayed essential reforms needed to alleviate it.

Noda has advocated raising taxes rather than borrowing more money to pay for quake reconstruction and to bring down the debt, a position that has made him the favourite of financial markets, which ticked up Monday.

Noda on Monday noted that the debt and economic woes of the United States and Europe pose a threat for Japan, which has been overtaken as the world's second-biggest economy by China.

"In this global current, the question is who will be able to navigate this ship called Japan without losing its course, and say what Japan should say in the arena of international negotiations," he told the DPJ lawmakers.

China, Japan's biggest trading partner, congratulated Noda on his victory, with the foreign ministry saying it has "always attached great importance to Sino-Japanese relations".

But Xinhua pointed out in a commentary that territorial disputes had "severely soured" links, adding: "Japan relies heavily on its exports and to overcome two decades of deflation cannot afford to alienate itself over issues of diplomacy."

On nuclear power, which Kan wanted to phase out following the Fukushima disaster, Noda has said that currently shut-down reactors should be restarted once they are deemed safe.

Noda emerged as the winner of the five-way contest within the centre-left DPJ when he gained 215 votes in the second-round ballot, against 177 for the trade and industry minister, Banri Kaieda.

The contest was fought out mainly between factions rather than based on major policy differences or the candidates' popular support. Kaieda came first in the initial ballot, but losing contenders then lent their support to Noda.

The DPJ, which took power two years ago in a landslide election victory, ousting the long ruling conservatives, is deeply split between supporters and enemies of scandal-tainted Ichiro Ozawa, dubbed Japan's "Shadow Shogun".

Ozawa commands the loyalty of about 130 lawmakers, many of whom he coached in electioneering and helped get elected.

The defeat of the Ozawa-backed candidate, Kaieda, was a setback for the powerbroker who last year lost a contest against Kan and has since been stripped of his party membership after being indicted over a funding scandal.

The contest, in which the DPJ's general membership could not vote, came amid public disenchantment over the government's response to the March 11 disasters.

Kan on Friday confirmed his resignation after less than 15 turbulent months in office, after his approval rating plummeted from a high of 65 percent to just 15 percent.

Hidekazu Kawai, emeritus professor of politics at Gakushuin University, said that, given Ozawa's low popularity in Japan, "DPJ party members and also public opinion both acted to remove the influence of Ozawa in the end".




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Revolving door of Japanese political leadership
Tokyo (AFP) Aug 29, 2011 - Japan's Finance Minister Yoshihiko Noda was elected president of the ruling Democratic Party on Monday, paving the way for his confirmation as prime minister the next day.

Here are the key events in Japanese politics since conservative prime minister Junichiro Koizumi left office in 2006 after a stable five-year tenure, making way for a series of short-lived premiers.

September 26, 2006:

Koizumi's right-hand man Shinzo Abe of the conservative Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) becomes prime minister, the first of the five leaders who lasted about a year each in office.

Abe sees his approval rating steadily fall amid money scandals, gaffes by his cabinet ministers and mismanagement of public pension programmes.

July 29, 2007:

Abe's LDP loses national elections and control of the upper house, as the then-opposition Democratic Party of Japan gains momentum.

September 12, 2007:

Abe resigns and checks into hospital for gastrointestinal inflammation, exhaustion and stress.

September 26, 2007:

Political moderate Yasuo Fukuda of the LDP becomes prime minister and approaches the DPJ for coalition talks, which fail.

Fukuda's public support slips amid legislative deadlock

September 1, 2008:

Fukuda unexpectedly announces his resignation, saying the country needed a fresh start after a troubled year in office marred by bitter fighting with the opposition.

September 24, 2008:

Former foreign minister Taro Aso of the LDP becomes prime minister.

Gaffe-prone Aso's popularity tumbles as Japan is hit by the fallout of the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the global financial crisis.

The scion of a wealthy family, Aso faced criticism for his regular outings to luxurious hotel bars and mispronunciations of commonly-used Chinese characters.

His finance minister Shoichi Nakagawa is later suspected of being heavily drunk during a press conference after a G7 meeting in Rome.

August 30, 2009:

Yukio Hatoyama's DPJ enjoys a landslide victory in general elections, ousting the LDP from power after more than five decades of nearly continuous rule.

September 16, 2009:

Hatoyama becomes prime minister. Naoto Kan becomes deputy prime minister, minister of finance, and minister of state for economic and fiscal policy.

December 18, 2009:

Support for Hatoyama's government dips below 50 percent as he flip-flops over a promise to move an unpopular US base off Okinawa island. He eventually breaks the promise.

February 7, 2010:

Hatoyama is hit by a donation scandal, and another money scandal involving DPJ secretary general Ichiro Ozawa, the architect of the DPJ's election victory.

June 2, 2010:

Hatoyama announces his resignation.

June 8, 2010:

Kan becomes prime minister.

July 11, 2010:

The DPJ loses control of the upper house, which leads to legislative gridlock.

September 7, 2010:

A row with China starts after two Japan coastguard vessels and a Chinese trawler collide in the East China Sea near disputed islands called Senkaku in Japanese and Diaoyu in Chinese.

February 14, 2011:

Data confirms that China surpassed Japan as the world's second biggest economy in 2010.

March 11, 2011:

A massive 9.0-magnitude earthquake and tsunami hit Japan's northeast, leaving more than 20,000 dead or missing and sparking the world's worst nuclear disaster since Chernobyl in 1986.

June 2, 2011:

Kan survives a no-confidence motion after pledging to eventually hand power to a younger generation amid sagging popularity and divisions within the DPJ.

August 26, 2011:

Kan says he will step down as the party chief and premier, pending elections to pick his successor.





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DEMOCRACY
Japan's ruling party to elect next prime minister
Tokyo (AFP) Aug 29, 2011
The ruling party of Japan was to elect the man who will become the country's sixth new prime minister in five years on Monday, but no candidate was expected to land a knock-out blow in the first round. The contest, a bitter fight within the centre-left Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), comes amid public disenchantment over the government's response to the March 11 quake-tsunami disaster and n ... read more


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