The septuagenarian has dedicated half a century to the ornamental fish business in Inirida, the capital of the eastern region of Guainia, which borders Venezuela and Brazil.
It is a thriving trade that critics see as cruel and harmful to nature, though environmentalists also recognize it brings benefits, such as encouraging habitat conservation and offering an alternative to harmful activities like illegal logging and mining.
Rojas keeps fish in ponds covered by nets to protect them from predatory birds before they are flown to Bogota for export to the United States, Asia and Europe.
He buys the Altum Angelfish (Pterophyllum altum) -- which is only found in the region and is prized by collectors for its long fins and striking vertical stripes -- for the equivalent of $2 each.
Once in the United States, they can sell for $70 or even more.
"So much beauty packed into such a small body," Rojas said as he examined his next shipment containing hundreds of angelfish.
Around him fish swam in circles in plastic bags.
His assistants enriched the water inside with oxygen from a cylinder in preparation for the flight of just over an hour to the capital.
- Sustainability concerns -
In the local Indigenous language, Guainia means "Land of many waters."
According to the National Aquaculture and Fisheries Authority, the region is home to 60 percent of the 521 species authorized for sale in Colombia, where the world's biggest biodiversity conference got underway this week.
Around 526 tons of fish were exported in 2023, generating revenues of about six million dollars, the regulator said.
Inirida is cut off from Colombia's national road network and accessible only by plane or a long boat ride.
Its isolation makes revenues from ornamental fish a key pillar of the economy, Oscar Javier Parra, director of the local environmental authority, told AFP.
While South America's booming aquarium trade brings much-needed income for thousands of people, sustainability is an issue, according to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).
"For ornamental fish, the sheer volume of exports is raising concerns that the trade might not be sustainable for fish populations. And history shows that over-exploitation is a likely scenario," it warned.
But "under the right circumstances, sustainable ornamental fisheries can improve forest conservation and alleviate poverty of local communities," the WWF said.
To try to protect fish populations, authorities ban fishing in Guainia for seven weeks a year, usually between early April and June.
For some species such as the angelfish, the ban begins several weeks earlier.
"It's a regulated business with very good practices," Parra said.
The state also ensures that species considered vulnerable, such as the piranha and the enormous and colorful peacock bass, are not fished from the dark, mineral-rich waters of the Inirida River and its tributaries.
"Seeing an animal lose its freedom for someone's enjoyment and pleasure" is an affront to animal rights activists, Parra admitted.
However, fishing using small nets is a low-impact source of income in a region where rampant illegal gold mining means huge quantities of mercury are dumped into rivers every year, he said.
Banning ornamental fisheries "would be worse" for the environment, Parra said.
Guerrilla attacks near COP16 host city in Colombia
Cali, Colombia (AFP) Oct 22, 2024 -
Colombian authorities on Tuesday announced reinforced security around the city of Cali, host of the COP16 UN biodiversity summit, after guerrillas at war with the government targeted soldiers with a bomb overnight and shot dead civilians traveling in a car.
The EMC rebel group, engaged in stop-start peace negotiations with Bogota, had told international delegations not to attend the UN meeting after its fighters were targeted in a military campaign, warning the conference "will fail."
Security was stepped up, with some 11,000 Colombian police and soldiers deployed to safeguard the event with the backing of UN and United States security experts.
The EMC, or Central General Staff, is a splinter group of the FARC guerrilla army that disarmed under a peace agreement with the government in 2017.
On Monday night, just hours after the official start of the high-stakes negotiations in Cali on ways to stop humankind's rapacious destruction of nature, EMC fighters targeted a military vehicle with a bomb.
The attack happened at El Bordo, about 150 kilometers (93 miles) from Cali, the army reported on X.
"The explosive charge was detonated about 100 meters ahead of the truck... Fortunately there were no injuries," regional army commander General Federico Mejia told Blu Radio.
In response, the army "reinforced" its "offensive" in the Cauca department, he added, against the guerrillas that control crops of coca -- the main ingredient in cocaine, of which Colombia is the world's largest producer.
Also on Monday night, three civilians driving together in a car were shot dead in Suarez, in the same department, some 45 kilometers from Cali.
The victims were two men and a woman from the same family, Suarez Mayor Cesar Ceron told Blu Radio, in an area controlled by an EMC sub-group.
Some 23,000 people including about a dozen heads of state and 100-plus ministers are accredited for COP16 -- the biggest UN biodiversity conference yet, running until November 1.
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