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Ecuador's Correa tightens grip on power

Indigenous clash with police in Panama
Panama City (AFP) Feb 18, 2011 - Several dozen indigenous Panamanians armed with spears, sticks and stones clashed with riot police Friday, disrupting traffic on the Pan-American Highway to protest recent changes to the country's mining law. Authorities said several police were wounded when the protest on the outskirts of Panama City turned ugly as they tried to clear the way for traffic across a bridge that had been occupied since dawn by members of the Ngobe-Bugle ethnic group. The indigenous groups have complained that the reformed law -- untouched since the 1960s -- would spoil pristine rainforest areas and force Indian communities to relocate. Demonstrators confronted authorities with spears, arrows, shells and rocks. Some 200 police responded with tear gas, causing panic and a brief stampede of onlookers nearby.

"We have been blocking the bridge and the police are attacking us," one indigenous man told AFP when he was arrested near the Pacora River as he tried to escape a police barricade. "We voted for (President Ricardo) Martinelli, but here God has to do something because we need justice," he said. Jose Castillo, head of Metropolitan Police, confirmed that several police officers were slightly wounded in the confrontation, and that seven people were arrested "for verification" purposes. Lawmakers last week approved the legislation aimed at attracting foreign investment to its mining industry, despite opposition from students and indigenous groups.

President Ricardo Martinelli and his supporters in the national assembly argue that mining could be Panama's second largest source of income after fees from the Panama Canal. It becomes law with Martinelli's signature. The government recently opened for tenders a copper deposit in Cerro Colorado, in Ngobe-Bugle territory. Experts believe there are 17 million tons of copper at the site, equivalent to three years of copper production in Chile, the world's largest copper producer. Companies based in Canada, South Korea and Singapore have shown interest in investing.

Martinelli went on television to insist that "no mining concession or exploitation will be made in a district in any area" of indigenous lands. "Do not be fooled by people who want to take political advantage of this and cause chaos and unrest," he added. At least eight people were injured Tuesday when riot police clashed with students opposing the proposed changes. On Monday police fired tear gas and rubber bullets on hundreds of Indians protesting in the southwestern town of San Felix. Nineteen people were arrested. Last summer, protests against a similar proposal caused two deaths and 100 injuries, after which the plan was shelved.
by Staff Writers
Quito, Ecuador (UPI) Feb 18, 2011
Ecuadorean President Rafael Correa is planning to tighten his grip on political power after a series of maneuvers that helped bring about a draft referendum combining populist measures with strategies for a more active role in both the executive and judiciary.

Correa received vital support from the country's constitutional court over the draft of a referendum that combines questions on issues such as bullfighting and gambling and a tougher response to organized crime and social disorder.

The U.S.-trained economist has responded to Ecuador's fluid politics by introducing a series of populist policies, some fueled by the country's rising income from crude oil exports. Chronic poverty still holds back more than one-third of Ecuador's 14.7 million citizens from participating in national development programs.

Correa's supporters argue the president needs a firmer grip on power to carry out reforms crucial to economic regeneration. Correa came to power in a runoff election in 2006 but faced economic and political problems even before the 2009 economic downturn hit Latin America.

On Sept. 30, 2010, Correa was taken hostage in a hospital by police officers during a series of protests against cuts to the benefits of public service workers that Correa introduced as part of a financial austerity package. The government dubbed the action an attempted coup.

The planned referendum, seen partly as an answer to the events of September, will give the president and his party greater interventionist hold on the judiciary, a prospect that already enjoys a 57 percent approval rating in an opinion survey.

A controversial plan contested by the opposition would have the judiciary falling under the overseeing power of a commission that will have representatives from the national assembly as well as the executive and a transparency body that critics say is answerable to the president.

Opposition critics said about half of the questions set for the referendum amounted to amendments to the constitution.

Chief Justice Patricio Pazmino said the proposals had won support from the constitutional court. In the next stage, the referendum plan would be put before Ecuador's electoral council for a decision, including a date.

In the opinion survey, Correa won widespread support for a proposal to amend a preventative detention law that requires detainees to be released after one year if there hasn't been a trial. The government argues the law as it exists is open to abuse and encourages corruption but civil liberties campaigners insist it is already draconian and unfair to the detainees.

Other measures proposed by Correa would empower the government to get tougher on the media and prevent media and financial companies from acquiring stakes in other sectors of the economy.

Some of the key fault lines on Ecuador's political landscape are the rising dissatisfaction among both the elite, mainly of European origin, and the indigenous population, which blames a succession of governments for reneging on promises of political and social reforms.



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