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Deadly heat from climate change may hit slums hardest
by Staff Writers
Miami (AFP) Nov 6, 2017


Rich nations far behind on $100 bn climate pledge: study
Paris (AFP) Nov 6, 2017 - Wealthy countries are falling well short of their pledge to provide $100 billion a year to developing countries by 2020 as part of the Paris climate accord, a report published Monday said.

Of the $111 billion invested in clean energy technologies only $10 billion was provided by rich countries, according to data compiled by Bloomberg New Energy Finance.

The pledge was first made at a Copenhagen summit in 2009 and confirmed by signatories of the 2015 Paris Agreement to limit global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions.

The $100 billion, to be raised from multiple sources including from the private sector, was intended to be a minimum, with nations expected to set a new goal by 2025.

UN negotiators meeting in Bonn, Germany, this week are trying to work out how to implement the Paris accord, which aims to keep warming at "well under two degrees Celsius" (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels.

But US President Donald Trump has pulled his country out of the deal, and analysts have warned that other national leaders may struggle to find the funds to match their ambitions.

On Monday, Standard and Poor's released a report questioning where the money would come from, citing a need for many countries to increase budgets and debt burdens to finance their pledges.

"In our view, it is very unlikely that governments would be willing, or able, to risk deteriorating their creditworthiness by stretching their budgets and debt burdens to fund the implementation costs," the analysts wrote.

But Bloomberg New Energy Finance also said that developing countries needed to improve legal frameworks in order to make investments in clean energy more attractive, both for public and private investors.

With sheet metal roofs, concrete floors, poor ventilation and spotty electricity, crowded urban slums in Africa can expect to get even hotter and deadlier due to global warming, US researchers said Monday.

Scientists at Johns Hopkins University analyzed three informal settlements in Nairobi, including the largest, Kibera, home to nearly a million people.

Along the settlements' narrow alleyways, mud-walled homes and metal roofs, they found stifling temperatures, "between five and nearly 10 degrees Fahrenheit (2.7-5.5 C) higher than those reported at Nairobi's official weather station less than half a mile away," said the study in the journal PLOS ONE.

The study was conducted by 11 researchers over the course of 80 days from late 2015 to early 2016, one of Nairobi's hottest summers since the 1970s.

Researchers posted 50 thermometers on trees and wooden posts, most in shaded areas.

At the Kenya Meteorological Department headquarters, in a grassy, wooded area, average daytime temperature was 78 Fahrenheit (25 C).

In the slums, the average was nearly 82 in Kibera, 85 in Mathare, and 87 in Mukuru.

The higher temperatures found in the study are "certainly consistent with excess deaths," said lead author Anna Scott, a climate scientist in the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Johns Hopkins.

However, researchers were unable to quantify how many people are likely to die from heat waves in these urban areas, since many variables are at play.

Up to 60 percent of Nairobi's residents live in these informal settlements.

AFRICA NEWS
Morocco architect fights concrete with tradition
Tiznit, Morocco (AFP) Nov 3, 2017
An unexpected gust of cool air greets visitors to the new archives centre in Tiznit in the mountains of southern Morocco, even without air-conditioning despite extreme heat outside its walls. That is thanks to the ancestral building methods used by Salima Naji, a French-educated Moroccan architect who specialises in construction that blends in with the environment and local traditions. R ... read more

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